Herpes Disease
BASICS
DESCRIPTION
Genital herpes is caused by herpes simplex virus infection of the genital organs.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
- 60-70% of individuals infected with herpes simplex show no symptoms.
- Fever
- Headache
- Malaise
- Muscle ache and pain
- Burning genital pain
- Painful urination
- Pain during intercourse
- Numbness or tingling of the lower back
- Swollen glands in groin
- Urinary retention
- Blisters: Blisters appear on a swollen, reddened base; they ulcerate, crust over, and heal within 21 days. Blisters persist longer on dry skin.
- Recurrent genital herpes: Symptoms (burning, numbness, tingling of skin) may occur at the site of old lesion about 24 hours before the eruption of new blisters.
CAUSES
Herpes simplex virus
RISK FACTORS
- Sexual activity
- Clothing, wet towels (rare)
- Triggers (recurrent)
- Genital trauma
- Menstrual period
- Infection
- Emotional stress
- Sunlight
DIAGNOSIS
WHAT THE DOCTOR LOOKS FOR
- The doctor will perform a physical examination to identify the presence of genital herpes.
- The doctor will also look for conditions known to be associated with genital herpes, including other sexually transmitted diseases.
TESTS AND PROCEDURES
- Blood tests
- A sample of blister fluid may be obtained for laboratory analysis.
- Pap smear
TREATMENT
GENERAL MEASURES
- Genital herpes is managed in the outpatient setting.
- Most care of genital herpes is self-care.
- Cool compresses, ice packs to perineum, sitz baths
- Local perineal hygiene
- Analgesics: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Topical anesthetics: lidocaine
ACTIVITY
- Avoid intercourse in the presence of genital lesions.
- Appropriate rest if systemic symptoms are present
DIET
No special diet
FOLLOW UP
PREVENTION/AVOIDANCE
- Use condoms and spermicide during sexual intercourse.
- Avoid multiple sexual partners.
- Avoid stress when possible.
POSSIBLE COMPLICATIONS
Acyclovir (Zovirax)
WHAT TO EXPECT
- Resolution of signs and symptoms in 14-21 days; recurring episodes heal in 7-10 days
- Blisters recur in more than 50% of infected individuals; individuals with immune system disorders average 3-4 episodes per year.
MISCELLANEOUS
PREGNANCY
- First episode of genital herpes infection during pregnancy is associated with increased rate of miscarriage and preterm labor.
- Greatest risk for neonatal infection occurs at time of delivery.
- Cesarean section may be required.
- Acyclovir therapy may be considered for women with genital herpes who are beyond 36 weeks into their pregnancy.
OTHER NOTES
N/A
Clinical Investigations
- Cardiology
- Dermatology
- General Destistry
- Cardiology
- Dermatology
ROLE OF HOMOEOPATHY
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